In plumbing, “IPS” stands for “Iron Pipe Size.” This term is used to describe the standard sizing system for pipes, particularly those made from materials used in plumbing systems, such as metal and plastic. The IPS system is primarily used for nominal pipe sizes (NPS), which are not necessarily the actual measurements of the pipe but rather a standardized way to categorize them.
Here are some key points about IPS:
Sizing: IPS refers to the outer diameter (OD) of the pipe rather than the inner diameter (ID). The sizes are typically expressed in inches. For example, an IPS pipe labeled as “2-inch” has an outer diameter of approximately 2.375 inches.
Standardization: The IPS system is standardized to ensure compatibility between different types of materials and fittings. This means that fittings designed for IPS pipes will fit properly regardless of the material of the pipe (such as PVC, copper, or steel).
Applications: IPS is commonly used in various plumbing applications, including water supply, drainage, and waste systems. It helps plumbers and contractors select the right pipe and fittings for specific jobs.
Comparison with Other Systems: Other sizing systems exist, such as the Schedule (e.g., Schedule 40, Schedule 80) which indicates the wall thickness of the pipe in addition to the diameter. The IPS sizing system is often used in conjunction with these other systems to provide a comprehensive understanding of pipe specifications.
Fittings and Accessories: When working with IPS pipes, it’s essential to use compatible fittings and accessories that match the IPS sizing to ensure a proper seal and functionality.
Understanding IPS is crucial for anyone involved in plumbing, as it helps ensure that the right materials and components are used in installations and repairs.