Romans 3:28 is a key verse in the New Testament, found in the Apostle Paul’s letter to the Romans. The verse states:
“For we hold that one is justified by faith apart from works of the law.” (ESV)
Meaning and Context:
Justification by Faith: The core message of Romans 3:28 is that justification — being declared righteous before God — comes through faith in Jesus Christ, not through adherence to the Mosaic Law (the religious laws given to the Israelites). This was a revolutionary idea at the time, as many Jewish people believed that following the law was essential for righteousness.
The Role of the Law: Earlier in the chapter, Paul discusses how both Jews and Gentiles are under sin and how the law reveals sin but does not provide a means for justification. The law serves to highlight the inability of humans to achieve righteousness on their own.
Faith vs. Works: This verse contrasts “faith” with “works of the law.” Paul emphasizes that faith in Christ is sufficient for salvation, and that reliance on one’s own works or adherence to the law is inadequate. This idea is central to Christian theology, particularly in the context of grace.
Universal Application: Romans 3:28 applies to all people, regardless of their background. Paul argues that both Jews and Gentiles can be justified by faith, breaking down the barriers that separate them in terms of religious observance.
Implications for Believers: For Christians, this verse underscores the importance of faith as the means of relationship with God. It reassures believers that their standing before God is based on faith in Christ, rather than their own efforts or adherence to religious rules.
Theological Significance:
Reformation Impact: This verse significantly influenced the Protestant Reformation, particularly Martin Luther’s theology. Luther emphasized justification by faith alone (sola fide) as a foundational principle, challenging the prevailing views of the time regarding salvation and works.
Grace: The idea that justification is apart from works highlights the concept of grace — unmerited favor from God. This means that salvation is a gift, not something that can be earned.
In summary, Romans 3:28 emphasizes the doctrine that faith in Jesus Christ is the sole basis for justification, liberating believers from the need to rely on their own works or adherence to the law for salvation. This message has profound implications for Christian theology and the understanding of grace and faith.