OPT Full Form in the US: Optional Practical Training
Overview:
Optional Practical Training (OPT) is a work authorization program that allows international students in the United States to gain practical experience in their field of study. This program is particularly relevant for students on F-1 visas.
Key Features of OPT:
- Eligibility:
- Available to students who have completed at least one academic year in a degree program.
Must maintain valid F-1 visa status.
Duration:
- Standard OPT: Up to 12 months of work authorization.
STEM OPT Extension: Eligible STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) graduates can apply for an additional 24 months, making the total possible duration 36 months.
Types of OPT:
- Pre-Completion OPT: Can be utilized before completing the degree.
Post-Completion OPT: Used after graduation.
Application Process:
- Students must file Form I-765 (Application for Employment Authorization).
- Obtain a recommendation from a Designated School Official (DSO).
Apply within the designated time frames (typically 90 days before and up to 60 days after graduation).
Employment Requirements:
- Jobs must be directly related to the student’s field of study.
- Students can work for any employer, including self-employment and internships.
Important Considerations:
- Reporting Requirements:
Students must report their employment status to their DSO, including employer details and any changes in employment.
Travel Restrictions:
Traveling outside the U.S. during OPT can impact the work authorization, and students should consult their DSO before making travel plans.
Impact on Future Immigration:
- Participation in OPT can enhance a graduate’s resume and may impact future visa applications or Permanent Residency processes.
In summary, Optional Practical Training (OPT) is a valuable opportunity for international students in the U.S. to gain hands-on experience in their field, which can significantly enhance their employability and career prospects.